The two major component of a computer system are;
HARDWARE
SOFTWARE
These component are
described below.
- Hardware: The hardware of a computer are those parts of a computer that can be seen physically. They can be touched, handled etc. these parts were discussed earlier and include motherboard, monitor, CPU etc. these parts are sometimes called the peripherals.
- Software: These are set of instructions that are supplied to the computer to aid perform it functions. There are two types of software, system software and application software.
- CD Drive
- Monitor
- keyboard
- Mouse
- Motherboard
- Memory
This CPU is responsible for arithmetic calculations while the APU for Graphic manipulations. This CPU and APU are merge into the Accelerated Processing Unit APU which are attached to the motherboard in slim laptops.
SOFTWARE
As mentioned briefly before, Software
is set of instructions that are sent to computer to perform functions. The
instructions herein are series of assignment to be executed by the computer in
other to perform a task. Software are of two types i.e. system software and
application software...
System Software
These are programs that have already been installed into the computer by the manufacturers to assist the operator. The provide an interface between the users, programmers and operators, the hardware system and the application software.
These are programs that have already been installed into the computer by the manufacturers to assist the operator. The provide an interface between the users, programmers and operators, the hardware system and the application software.
Application Software
These are programs developed to carry out specific functions. They ease the burden of daily operation of the user. The packages available here are for payroll system, word processing, spreadsheet, desktop publishing etc. application software can be classified into integrated software, general purpose software and custom written or tailor-made software.
These are programs developed to carry out specific functions. They ease the burden of daily operation of the user. The packages available here are for payroll system, word processing, spreadsheet, desktop publishing etc. application software can be classified into integrated software, general purpose software and custom written or tailor-made software.
General purpose software
As the name implies, general purpose software is not for any specific business, but can be used or adopted to suit specific needs. A particular package for instance spreadsheet can be used for calculations and for other operation such as entering student scores at the end of the term.
As the name implies, general purpose software is not for any specific business, but can be used or adopted to suit specific needs. A particular package for instance spreadsheet can be used for calculations and for other operation such as entering student scores at the end of the term.
Integrated Software
As a set of related, specialized programs combined in unified package that allows data to be transferred easily between the programs. A major advantage of the package is the ease with which data can be transferred from one component to another. For instance while working on a word processing document you can quickly incorporate a graph created in the packages spread sheet component via a simple cut or copy – and paste operation. Integrated software packages are cheaper than purchasing the packages individually and tends to be more powerful and versatile.
As a set of related, specialized programs combined in unified package that allows data to be transferred easily between the programs. A major advantage of the package is the ease with which data can be transferred from one component to another. For instance while working on a word processing document you can quickly incorporate a graph created in the packages spread sheet component via a simple cut or copy – and paste operation. Integrated software packages are cheaper than purchasing the packages individually and tends to be more powerful and versatile.
Custom written software
These are software design to perform the specific needs of a company. It may be
written by individual within the company or contracted out a software house.
Expert/Specialist
These are design to initiate the work of a professional in a particular field.
These are design to initiate the work of a professional in a particular field.
Operating System
The operating system is a set of programs that governs the operation of a computer. The operating system is as suit of programs provided for the users to assist them in their daily running of the system. Without the operating system no work can be done on the computer. Example of operating system include; Window 95, Window 98, Window XP, Window NT, Windows 2000, Windows Millennium, Window Vista, Window 7, Window 8 etc.
The operating system is a set of programs that governs the operation of a computer. The operating system is as suit of programs provided for the users to assist them in their daily running of the system. Without the operating system no work can be done on the computer. Example of operating system include; Window 95, Window 98, Window XP, Window NT, Windows 2000, Windows Millennium, Window Vista, Window 7, Window 8 etc.
FUNCTIONS OF AN OPERATING SYSTEM
File Management
One of the functions of the operating
system is its ability to manage files efficiently. Thus the operating system
manages all the files on the computer. A file is similar to documents and
letters kept in file cabinet. It keeps tracks of locations were programs and
data are stored within the computer’s memory.
Maintaining Security
Operations that involve network and
larger computers demand an ID and password to each operator to assist him or
her gain access to the computer system. The operating system keeps a register
of all these IDs so that only people with valid IDs and password can access
system. The importance of this is to avoid the usage by unauthorized person
have access to system.
Managing Tasks
A computer can perform many tasks simultaneously. One of the ways of doing this is by multi-tasking. Multi-tasking is the ability of a computer to run more than one program at the same time. A typical example is seen by operators listening to music while typing on the same computer.
A computer can perform many tasks simultaneously. One of the ways of doing this is by multi-tasking. Multi-tasking is the ability of a computer to run more than one program at the same time. A typical example is seen by operators listening to music while typing on the same computer.
In case of networks, the multi-user operating system allows more than one user
to access the same data at the same time.
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